Dayah sebagai Modal Sosial dalam Membangun Ketahanan Masyarakat

Abstract

Dayah, the Acehnese term for pesantren, functions not only as an educational institution but also as a centre of social and religious life. This article aims to analyze dayah as social capital, to identify its contribution to community resilience, and to formulate a concept for strengthening that role. Using library research with a qualitative-descriptive approach and content analysis of literature on social capital, community resilience, pesantren, and dayah in Aceh, the study finds that dayah provides three elements of social capital: networks built through relations among teachers, students, alumni, and the community; trust rooted in the knowledge and exemplary conduct of the teungku; and religious norms and values that guide collective behaviour. These elements contribute to community resilience through moral guidance, mobilization of collective action, resolution of social problems, and support in times of crisis. The article proposes a concept for strengthening dayah as social capital with four components: safeguarding trust and exemplarity, expanding networks, strengthening dayah institutions, and partnership with village governments and other parties. It concludes that the strength of dayah as social capital should be preserved and developed while remaining grounded in its values and traditions.